Description
Comprehensive Overview
IGF-1, much like growth hormone, is proposed to play a pivotal role in stimulating growth, inhibiting programmed cell death, reducing glucose levels, and promoting fat breakdown. In research models exhibiting lipodystrophy, a condition marked by abnormal fat distribution, low levels of growth hormone and IGF-1 are typically observed. Studies suggest that Tesamorelin may positively impact lipid metabolism, making it a promising candidate for managing such conditions.
The alteration of Tesamorelin’s N-terminus not only potentially enhances its stability but also might significantly improve its resistance to enzymatic breakdown, offering a substantial advantage over natural GHRH.
Research and Clinical Insights
Tesamorelin and Lipodystrophy
In a significant clinical trial, researchers conducted two phase III studies involving 806 participants over a 26-week period, followed by an additional 26-week extension. All participants had various immunodeficiencies. The study divided them into two groups: 543 subjects received Tesamorelin, while the remaining 263 were given a placebo. After the initial 26 weeks, the Tesamorelin group was further divided, with half continuing the treatment and the other half switching to a placebo for another 26 weeks. By week 26, the Tesamorelin group exhibited a notable reduction in visceral adipose tissue, averaging a 15.4% decrease. Furthermore, significant reductions in triglyceride and cholesterol levels were observed compared to the placebo group.
Tesamorelin and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in Immunocompromised Individuals
Severe immunodeficiencies are often linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), particularly in HIV-positive individuals, where the condition can affect nearly 40% of patients. In a focused study, 61 HIV-positive participants with elevated hepatic fat fractions (HFF) were selected. They received either Tesamorelin or a placebo over 12 months. The study measured changes in HFF at the trial’s conclusion. Results indicated that 35% of those treated with Tesamorelin saw a significant reduction in HFF to below 5%, in stark contrast to only 4% in the placebo group. Importantly, no significant changes in glucose levels were reported.
Tesamorelin and Cognitive Function
Exploring Tesamorelin’s potential impact on cognitive function, a study involved 100 participants over 40 years old with mild cognitive impairment. The trial included a regimen of daily Tesamorelin for 6 months, a 6-month break, followed by another 6-month period of daily administration. The study aimed to assess neurocognitive performance changes using the Global Deficit Score (GDS) at 6 and 12 months. This research is still in progress, with final results forthcoming.
Tesamorelin and Insulin Sensitivity
A study aimed at assessing Tesamorelin’s effect on insulin sensitivity involved 53 participants with Type II diabetes in a 12-week randomized trial. Participants were divided into three groups, each receiving either a low or high dose of Tesamorelin or a placebo. At the end of the trial, measurements of fasting glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and overall diabetes control showed no significant differences across the groups, indicating that Tesamorelin may not significantly alter these parameters.
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